The Genesis of Article 370
Article 370 was incorporated into the Indian Constitution in 1949, serving as a temporary provision granting special autonomy to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. This special status was granted in recognition of the region’s distinctive historical, political and cultural circumstances during the time of its accession to India.
Special Provisions and Autonomy
Under Article 370, Jammu and Kashmir maintained its own constitution and flag, and the state possessed autonomy over internal affairs except defense, communications and foreign affairs. This autonomy was a testament to the unique circumstances under which the princely state acceded to India after independence in 1947.
Evolution and Amendments
Over the years, Article 370 has undergone modifications and amendments. However, the essence of granting special autonomy to Jammu and Kashmir remained intact. The state enjoyed a certain degree of independence in legislative matters, allowing it to have its own set of laws distinct from the rest of the country.
Removal of Article 370
In August 2019, the Central Government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi took an important decision and abrogated Article 370. Subsequently, the special status of Jammu and Kashmir was abolished and two union territories were formed, one of which was Jammu and Kashmir and the other was Ladakh.
What changed
The removal of Article 370 brought about a significant change in the political landscape of Jammu and Kashmir. The purpose of abrogating Article 370 was to provide the residents here equal rights like the common Indian and to provide various types of benefits. After this, by implementing central laws and schemes in this area, it was linked to the constitutional framework.
Protests and criticisms
Obviously the Central Government had to face opposition and criticism on the abrogation of Article 370. On one hand, supporters called it an important step towards national unity, while on the other hand, critics expressed concerns about the possible impact on the region’s autonomy and identity.
Current scenario
Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh function as union territories since the abrogation of Article 370. The area is witnessing social and political changes and the central government is running or has announced various schemes for the development of the local residents.